n-3多不饱和脂肪酸预防同种异体移植血管硬化的作用

Preventive Effect of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Allograft Arteriosclerosis

目的研究n-3多不饱和脂肪酸预防同种异体移植血管硬化的作用。方法SD和Wistar大鼠各240只,随机配对成240对建立颈总动脉同种异体移植血管模型,并随机平均分成4组,每组60对。对照组:术前、术后未喂食n-3多不饱和脂肪酸;A组:术前2周始喂食n-3多不饱和脂肪酸600mg/kg(以EPA含量计,下同),直至摘取标本;B组:喂食300mg/kg;C组:喂食150mg/kg。分别于术后1、7、14、21和28d摘取受者移植血管,观察移植血管在活体的搏动情况,HE染色光学显微镜下观察移植血管的组织学病理改变,电子显微镜观察移植血管的超微结构变化,免疫组织化学染色检测细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、血管细胞黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)和细胞核因子κB(NF-κB)在移植血管的表达。结果对照组术后7d移植血管开始有病理改变,28d时最为明显,管腔已基本堵塞;A组、B组、C组移植血管的病理改变均较对照组迟缓,管腔通畅率优于对照组。对照组ICAM-1,VCAM-1,NF-κB的表达较A组、B组和C组明显增强(P<0.05)。移植术后1d、7dICAM-1、VCAM-1、NF-κB的表达A组、B组、C组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),移植术后14、21和28d的表达C组较A组、B组明显增强(P<0.05),而A组与B组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论n-3多不饱和脂肪酸能够预防同种异体移植血管硬化,表现为移植血管病理改变发生迟缓,管腔通畅率高,ICAM-1,VCAM-1和NF-κB的表达减弱,n-3多不饱和脂肪酸以300mg/kg用量达到的效果最佳。

Objective To study the preventive effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on allograft arteriosclerosis. Methods Arterial homeotransplant model were created with 480 rats which were divided into four groups. Control group, no n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were taken. Group A, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were taken for two weeks before operation with the dose of EPA 600mg/kg. Group B, 300 mg/kg and group C 150 mg/kg were taken respectively. The recipient＇ s transplanted vessel was excised after 1, 7,14, 21 and 28 days respectively. The tissue pathological variations, ultrastructure variations and expression variations of intercellular adhesion molecule-l（ICAM-1）, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 （VCAM-1）, nuclear factor-kappa B（NF-κB） had been observed. Results The pathological changes occurred 7 days after operation in control group and were most prominent on the 28th day, blood vessels were obstructed and the expressions of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, NF-κB were markedly intensified than those of group A, B, C （P〈0. 05）. The pathological variations of transplanted vessel in group A, B, C occurred later than those in control group. The nonobstruction rates in group A, B, C were better than that in control group. The expressions of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, NF-κB in control group were stronger than those in group A, B, C （P〈50. 05）. The expressions of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, NF-κB after 1 day or 7 days demonstrated no statistically significant change in group A, B, C （P〉0.05）. The preventive effect for allograft vessel atheromatosis in group A and group B was stronger than that in group C after 14, 21 and 28d （P〈0. 05）. There were no significant difference between group A and group B （P〉 0. 05）. Conclusion The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can prevent the allograft vessel atheromatosis, the most effective dose of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is 300 mg/kg.