银杏内生真菌拮抗灰霉菌的初步研究

Primary Study on Endophytic Fungi in Ginkgo biloba Antagonistic to Botrytis cinerea

从银杏枝条和叶片中分离到77个真菌菌株,以作物重要病原菌灰葡萄孢（Botrytis cinereaPers.）为指示菌,筛选拮抗菌株。平板对峙测定结果表明：46个菌株对灰霉菌有拮抗作用,占总菌株数的59.7%,其中有7个菌株拮抗性较强,占总菌株数的9.1%。不同内生菌株发酵液离体测定中,2-18和2-9菌株防治离体月季叶片和花瓣灰霉病的效果较稳定,抑制率保持在80.8%-100%。初步鉴定结果表明,2-18和2-9菌株为毛壳菌属真菌（Chaetom iumsp.）。

77 endophytic fungi strains were isolated from gingkgo. The Botrytis cinerea which was the main pathogenic fungus of the crop was chosen as indication fungus to screen antagonistic fungi. Antagonistic cultivation showed that 46 strains had antagonism and accounted for 59.7% of all fungi; 7 strains showed stronger antagonism than others and accounted for 9. 1% of all fungi. Through a series of tests, strains 2 -18 and 2 -9 （Chaetomium sp. ） were screened out which had stable inhibiting effect to Botrytis cinerea, and the inhibiting rate was between 80. 8% and 100%.