单分子物理与化学的新进展

THE LATEST PROGRESS IN SINGLE-MOLECULAR PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY

本文对新兴边缘学科-单分子物理与化学的一些研究进展进行简要综述。在对单分子科学中几类基本实验技术如扫描隧道显微术和光镊技术等作了简要介绍之后,重点评述了单分子实验技术和研究方法在物理、化学、生物和分子电子学等学科领域的应用和影响。基于扫描隧道显微术和电子结构计算,列举了最近几个关于单分子高分辨表征、单分子器件和单分子量子调控等方面的研究实例。最后对单分子物理与化学的发展前景进行了展望。

The development of single-molecule detecting and manipulating techniques has made it possible to monitor the behavior of individual atom, molecule and atomic cluster in various environments. In this review, we concisely introduce the new experimental techniques including scanning tunneling microscopy （STM） and optical tweezer technique. Through reviewing some latest progresses, the great impact on various subjects, such as physics, chemistry, biology and molecular electronics, coming from the single-molecular science is discussed. Some recent studies on the high resolution characterization, device and quantum manipulation basing on single-molecule through STM technique ：combining with density functional theory calculations are presented. Finally, we give a brief perspective about single-molecular science.