盾叶薯蓣形态解剖和皂甙的组织化学定位及含量变化

Histochemical localization and seasonal change of dioscin in Dioscorea zingiberensis and its anatomy structure

应用显微技术组织化学定位观察,研究了盾叶薯蓣皂甙在花叶盾叶薯蓣营养器官中的积累分布状态以及不同生长期、不同器官之间的薯蓣皂甙含量的季节变化,结果显示,薯蓣皂甙主要分布在营养器官的成熟组织薄壁细胞中,表皮也有少量分布,维管束木质部中无皂甙分布;根状茎中皂甙积累最多,叶和地上茎中皂甙积累较少,须根最少;盾叶薯蓣在营养生长期,花果期,枯萎期的发育过程中,地上部分营养器官皂甙含量呈现出低一高一低的变化趋势,二年生的地下茎适合在秋冬季采收,其药材品质最佳.

The light microscopy technique, histochemistry and phytochemistry me thods were applied in the study of the localization of dioscin in the vegetative organs in Dioscorea zingiberensis, and the content of total dioscin related to different growing periods, organs. The results showed that dioscin distributed mainly in the parenchyma cells of ground tissue, very little in epidermis, and no coloration in xylem. The accumulation of dioscin in the rhizome occupied first place, the stem and leaf came second, and the root was the lowest. The content of total dioscin showed a changing trend from low to high, then to low, during the whole growing period from vegetative growth to florescence and fructescence, and withering period. It is suggested that harvest the rhizome in fructescen and withering period.