青少年髁突骨折诊治的回顾性分析

Retrospective Analysis of Diagnosis and Therapy of Condylar Fracture in Children

目的:探讨青少年髁突骨折的临床特点及治疗方法。方法:对1990-2002年间收治的52例(75侧)青少年(2～18岁)髁突骨折病例的临床和随访资料进行回顾性分析。结果:青少年髁突骨折主要由着力于颏部的间接创伤引起,多为颈部的中高位骨折,大部分骨折断端移位较轻,骨块均是向前下内方向移位。保守治疗和手术治疗都取得了较好效果。主要的后遗症是下颌骨发育不良、开口偏斜和轻度张口受限。结论:着力于颏部的外伤要仔细检查有无髁突骨折。治疗上应尽可能采用保守治疗;对于严重移位而难以复位的、粉碎性的髁突骨折,以及不能进行保守治疗的病例,主张手术复位固定。

Objective： To discuss the clinic features and treatments of mandibular condylar fracture in children. Methods： Clinic and follow-up data of 52 children（2-18 years old） with condylar fracture were retrospectively analyzed. Results： The main cause of condylar fracture was the stress fracture of chin trauma. Most fractures happened at the upper or middle site of condylar neck, with a forwards, medial or lateral dislocation. Good recoveries were got in both conservative treatment and surgery operation. The main sequelas were mandibular hypoplasia, jaw open deflection and limitation. Conclusion： Examination of condyle should be emphasized to children with chin trauma. The conservative treatment is advised, but surgery treatment should be adopted in cases with comminuted fractures or serious fragment shift.