浅论张謇“军国民教育”国防教育思想的形成

On the Formation of ZHANG Jian's "Militarized Education"

张謇先生曾独立或合作创办了几十所学校,形成了独特的近代教育思想体系,其中,“军国民教育”思想开我国国防教育之先河。张謇先生强调全民国防教育要从儿童抓起,而且要贯穿于在校学生教育的全过程。张謇在他所创办的学校中充分实践了“军国民教育”思想,如师范教育以“兵式为主”等。这种思想和实践在当时“造福一方,影响全国”,对我国当代学校国防教育仍具有一定的意义。

ZHANG Jian once established dozens of schools independently and cooperatively, and formed his unique modern educational thought system,among which his thought of ＂militarized education＂ began the national defense education of China. ZHANG believed that national defense education should begin with the children and run through the whole educational period of the students. He practiced his ＂militarized education＂ in his schools,for instance, ＂soldier-patterned＂ teachers training in the teacher schools. His theory and practice, which has benefited the local people and influenced the whole nation,is quite significant to the contemporary national defense education in schools.