重型颅脑损伤患者行气管切开术的意义

Emergency tracheotomy for patients with severe head injury

目的：探讨重型颅脑损伤患者行气管切开的意义、适应证及并发症。方法：回顾分析我科2003-2006年治疗的147例重型颅脑损伤患者的临床资料。结果：基本治愈116例（78.9%）,好转25例（17.0%）,自动出院7例（4.8%）,植物生存4例（2.7%）,死亡5例（3.4%）。结论：对重型颅脑损伤患者应及时行气管切开术,以解除呼吸道梗阻,改善通气,防止脑缺氧加重及肺部感染,促进脑功能恢复。

Objective： To explore the significance, indications and complications of emergency tracheotomy for patients with severe head injury. Method： The clinical data of 147 patients with severe head injury treated in 2003 to 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Result： Of them, 116 were basically cured （78.9%）, 25 had improvement （17%）, 7 were released from the hospital （4.8%）, 4 survived（2.7%） in a vegetative state, and 5 died （3.4%）. Conclusion： Emergent tracheotomy should be performed on patients with severe brain injury to resolve respiratory tract obstruction, prevent stifling, improve air current, prevent cerebral anoxia, and promote brain function recovery.