合作:中国农业现代化转型的一个方向

Co-operation:An Orientation in the Transformation of Agricultural Modernization in China

分散经营的小农经济已经无法适应市场经济的发展。如何改变这一形势,实现中国农业现代化的成功转型,成为我们必须解决的一个问题。很多学者都倡导把农民组织起来,以扭转小农分散经营在市场竞争中的不利地位。合作,正成为农业现代化转型的一个方向。现有的合作组织可以分为两大类:市场化合作和非市场化合作。基于单纯经济动机的市场化合作,由观念、意识落后所导致的问题使其面临严峻挑战。注重培养农民现代观念、素质以及生活方式的非市场化合作弥补了市场化合作的不足。

The separate management of small-scale peasant economy has been incompatible with the development of market economy. How to change this situation to successfully realize the transformation of agricultural modernization in our country has become a problem that we must tackle. Many scholars have advocated that farmers are organized to reverse the disadvantaged situation of the separate management of small-scale peasant economy in the market competition. Thus cooperation has become an orientation in the transformation of agricultural modernization. The current cooperative organization can be classified into two categories： market cooperation and non-market cooperation. Problems caused by the backwardness of farmers＇ concepts impose severe challenges for market cooperation out of economic motivation. Non-market cooperation with the emphasis on training farmers＇ modern concepts and qualities as well as their way of life can complement market cooperation.