一种水稻联合收割机的应用研究

Study on the Application of a Rice Combine

从分析水稻跨区机械化收获的技术现状入手,对海城地区广泛使用久保田488型水稻收割机的作业性能进行了试验研究。结果表明,该机收获水稻的作业速度为1.65m/s,时间利用系数为77.85%,理论生产率为0.861hm2/h,实际生产率为0.671hm2/h,作业效率较高;机械收获综合损失率为1.035%,其中脱粒损失率为0.325%,分离与清选的损失率为0.71%,粮食清洁率为98.60%。水稻联合收获收取的作业费为1050元/hm2,毛收入为704元/h,用联合收割机收获水稻比分段收获可降低成本450元/hm2。试验同时发现,该机存在的主要问题是履带等易损部件的寿命较短,故障率为22.15%,可靠性有待提高。

The article introduced technical present situation of the rice transregional mechanical harvesting, the working performance of a 488 type rice combine is tested which is widely used in Haicheng county.The results show that the productivity is high with the working speed of 1.65 m/s, time efficiency of 77.85%, theoretic productivity of 0.861 hm^2/h, practical productivity of 0.671 hm^2/h, total harvesting loss ratio of 1.035% which includes threshing loss of 0.325% ,separating and cleaning loss of 0.71% in it,and the cleaning ratio of 98.6%. The results also show that the harvesting charge is 1050￥/hm^2, the gross profits is 704 ￥/h of the harvester owner, and cost saving of the farmer is 450 ￥/hm^2 by using rice combine than by indirect harvesting. It is found out the main shortcoming of the machine is the short durability of wearing parts such as rubber belt track,the rate of bug is 22.15%, the reliability should be improved.