中国水仙六倍体的诱导和染色体数目的变异(简报)

INTRODUCTION OF HEXAPLOID OF CHINESE NARCISSUS AND ANALYSIS OF ITS CHROMOSOME CHANGE

中国水仙（Narcissus tazetta L．var．chinensis Roem）属于石蒜科水仙属多年生草本花卉植物。中国水仙的品种不多，在福建漳州地区主要栽培品种为单瓣水仙，此外，还有重瓣和“金三角”两个品种。中国水仙为三倍体植物.

Anthers of Chinese narcissus （Narcissus tazetta L. var chinesis Roem） were used as explants for callus induction and plant regeneration. About 80% anthers produced callus and 28% of the callus differentiated out bulbs, making a good experiment system of tissue culture of Chinese narcissus for further cellular and gene engineering. The 700 callus were treated by 0.5% colchicin for 5-6 days and then transformed into a MS medium containing 3mg/L 6-BA to induce differentiation. 90 bulbs were obtained and 55 bulbs among them were checked the chromosome number from their root tips for three times. 29 bulbs （53%, 29/55） still kept triploidy and the most cells of root tips contained 30 chromosomes. 22 bulbs （40%, 22/55） displayed aneuploidy and the most cells of its root tips contained 10-50 chromosomes. 4 bulbs displayed hexaploidy and contained 60 chromosomes. After three months growing, the cells of root tips containing aneuploidy chromosomes disappeared, and the bulbs became triploidy. The chromosomes of 4 hexaploidy bulbs did not changed during three checks. The origin and disappearance of aneuploidy cells of Chinese narcissus after treated by colchicin were discussed.