鸡胚提取物的营养成分及其抗氧化作用

Analysis of the nutritional composition and antioxidative effect of the embryo extract from chicken

目的分析鸡胚提取物的营养价值,探讨其对小鼠的补硒抗氧化作用。方法营养成分按国标方法测定;抗氧化试验采用硒营养不良模型动物法。100只小鼠分为3个剂量组和2个对照组,前4周,各剂量组和低硒对照组均喂饲低硒饲料,基础对照喂饲基础饲料。第5周起至第8周末,3个剂量组饲料中分别加入高、中、低剂量的鸡胚提取物,并用鸡蛋白粉调整各组饲料的蛋白质水平。结果每100 g鸡胚提取物中含蛋白质56.4 g,含K、Fe、Se分别为819 mg1、8.4 mg、139.0μg,维生素A、D、B2分别为1 679μg、21.25μg、2.61 mg等。第8周末,各剂量组小鼠全血硒水平恢复至基础对照组水平(P<0.05);高剂量组脑硒水平基本恢复(P<0.05);全血、脑、肾、肝组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性随着处理剂量的增加而增强(P<0.05),全血、肾、肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)降低(P<0.05)。结论鸡胚提取物是一种优质蛋白质,含有丰富的矿物元素和维生素;鸡胚提取物能改善小鼠的硒营养不良状态,具有抗氧化作用。

Objective To analyze the nutritional composition, and explore the antioxidation and selenium supplement of the embryo extract from chicken（EEC）. Methods The nutritional composition was determined by the national standard technique. The animal test used the method of Selenium-malnutrition in mice. Totally 100 healthy male mice were selected. In the first four weeks, mice in high-dose, medium-dose, low-dose groups and selenium-malnutrition control group were fed with selenium-malnutrition forage, while the base control group was fed with common forage; from the 5th to the end of 8th week, forage of high-dose, medium-dose, or low-dose was added to EEC and forage protein level was adjusted with egg white powder. Results Per 100 g EEC contained protein of 56.4 g, K of 819 mg, Fe of 18.4 mg, Se of 139.0 μg, vitamin A of 1 679 μg, vitamin D of 21.25μg, and vitamin B2 of 2.61 mg. In animal test by the end of the 8th week, compared with the Se-malnutrition group, the blood selenium level in mice of EEC high-dose, medium-dose, low-dose groups recovered （P〈0.05）. Glutathione peroxidase in the blood, brain, kidney, and liver in mice enhanced with the increase of EEC （P〈0. 05）. MDA in the blood, brain, kidney, and liver in mice declined （P〈0.05）. Conclusion EEC is an excellent protein. It contains rich mineral elements and vitamins. It may efficaciously improve the status of selenium-malnutrition in mice, and has the antioxidative effect.