静电场电势零点的选择

How to Select the Electric Potential Zero Point of Static Electric Field

电势零点的选取有一定的任意性,但不是完全任意的,它受到一定的限制.电势零点的选取受到一定的限制并有其自身规律,电荷分布在有限区域及电荷分布扩展到无限远处时,电势零点的选择及零点选取不同时电势能否叠加、如何叠加等问题都是值得探讨的.

First of all, this article points out that the electric potential zero point may be but is not always chosen arbitrarily. It is limited to a certain degree; Secondly, it discusses the principle to choose zero point in the potential, including the electric potential of each point in electric field must fist have a definite numerical value so as to make sense definitely in physics, and the potential formula indicated should be made as simple as possible; Then it expounds the restrictions and laws about the electric potential zero point, including how to select the zero point when electric charge is distributed definite area and infinite area. In the end it also discusses the situation of selecting the earth and the infinite point being the electric potential zero point, and the superimposition of the electric potential with different zero point.