栽培措施对青贮玉米粗蛋白质含量及产量的影响

Effects of Different Cultivation Measures on Crude Protein Content and Yield of Silage Maize

通过三因素最优饱和设计,建立了氮肥、磷肥与种植密度三因素与不同收获时期青贮玉米粗蛋白质含量、产量的回归模型,各因素效应分析结果表明：随着收获期延迟,P对粗蛋白质含量的作用逐渐增强,氮和密度的作用逐渐减弱。不同收获期三因子对粗蛋白质产量的作用均表现为：N（X1）〉密度（X3）〉P（X2）;总体来看,随氮、磷用量的增加,粗蛋白质的含量、产量均呈“单峰”曲线变化,随密度的增大则呈“U”型曲线变化。在散粉、灌浆、乳熟期3个不同时期收获,氮、磷对粗蛋白质均有显著的增产作用。呼和浩特地区青贮玉米生产中,获得较高粗蛋白质及产量的适宜施氮量为270-350 kg/hm^2,施磷量为100-140 kg/hm^2,此结果可作为呼和浩特地区青贮玉米生产的施肥标准。

In this article, effects of N fertilizer amount, P fertilizer amount and plant density to crude protein content and yield of different silage maize in different harvest periods were studied, applying 3 factors optimum saturation designing and regression equations. It showed the effects of P amount to crude protein content and yield increased, and the effects of N amount and density decreased with the postponing of growth stage. The effects of three factors are N 〉 Density 〉 P in different harvest periods. In general, crude protein content and yield of maize showed single-peaked curve with the increasing of N and P amounts, showed U-curve with the increasing of density. When harvest in pollen-scattering stage, grain-filling stage and milk stage, the crude protein yield increased with increasing of N and P amounts. The suitable N and P amounts were 270 - 350 kg/ha and 100 - 140 kg/ha to gain the higher crude protein yield in Hohhot.