行为抑制与父母教养方式对青少年焦虑的影响

Effect of Behavior Inhibition and Parental Behavior to Adolescents' Anxiety

目的:探讨行为抑制以及父母教养方式如何影响青少年的焦虑水平。方法:使用行为抑制量表、父母教养方式量表、Spence儿童焦虑量表,以班级为单位,集体测查了北京、新疆两地1533名初中学生。结果:①行为抑制预测青少年焦虑水平的回归系数显著。②母亲教养方式和父母教养方式的差异预测子女焦虑水平的回归系数分别显著。③行为抑制强、母亲教养方式倾向不良的青少年在焦虑量表上的得分显著高;同时,行为抑制强、父母双方教养方式差异大的青少年在焦虑量表上的得分显著高。结论:行为抑制预测青少年焦虑,良性父母教养方式是保护行为抑制青少年远离焦虑障碍的有力措施。

Objective： To study how the behavior inhibition and parental behavior influence adolesents＇ anxiety. Methods： 1700 students of junior high schools from Beijing and Xinjiang were tested by Chinese Retrospective Self-Report of Inhibition,Parental Behavior Scale, and Chinese Spence Children＇s Anxiety Scale. Results： ①Behavior inhibition could predict adolescents＇ anxiety disorder level efficiently. ②Mother＇s parental behavior and the difference between father and mother＇s parental style could predict adolescents＇ anxiety disorder level efficiently. ③Those who were inhibited and whose mothers were overprotecting, over requesting and low rearing were significantly more anxious than others; meanwhile, those who were inhibited and whose parents were quite different in parental behaviors were significantly more anxious than others. Conclusion： Warm, equal, rational, and harmonious parental behavior is a fabulous way to prevent inhibited adolescents from anxiety.