供水管道压力调控对漏水量影响的试验研究

Experimental study on influences of pressure regulation and control in water supply pipes on volume of water leakage

在某城市供水管网中,以消火栓模拟管道漏水点,利用减压阀在供水高压区进行管道压力调控,分析不同管径的管道压力变化对漏水量的影响,以及不同减压区间的漏水率降低效果。试验结果表明,压力管理是一种行之有效的漏损主动控制方法,利用减压方式供水在优化管网运行条件的同时,可以有效地减少管网漏水量;漏水量与管道压力呈指数规律变化,该指数随减压阀所安装管道的直径不同而异;降压减漏效果对相同管径的管道在高压区更有效,而对基本相同的压力降压范围,管径越大效果越明显。实际操作中采用何种减压方式及降压范围和管段须结合管网具体情况优化选择。

With hydrants taken for leakage point simulation and relief valves used for pile pressure regulation and control in high-pressure areas in an urban water supply network, the influences of pressure variation in pipes with different diameters on the volume of water leakage and the effect of pressure relief range on the decrease of water leakage rate were analyzed. Test results show that the pressure regulation and control is an effective active method for water leakage control. The adoption of rehef valves decreased the water supply pressure and optimized the operational condition of pipes, and further effectively decreased the volume of water leakage. The volume of water leakage is of an exponential relationship with the pressure in pipes, and the exponent value varies with the diameter of pipes installed with rehef valves. The effect of pressure relief and leakage control of water supply pipes of the same diameter is better in high pressure region, however, as for the same pressure and pressure rebel range, the greater the pipe diameter, the better the effect of pressure rehef and leakage control. Moreover, the method of pressure relief as well as rational range and pipe section should be optimally chosen based on the practical situation.