牙龈卟啉单胞菌感染兔动脉粥样硬化模型的建立

Establishment of rabbit atherosclerotic model with Porphyromonas gingivalis infection

目的建立牙龈卟啉单胞菌(P.g)感染致无症状菌血症的兔髂动脉粥样硬化模型。方法P.g标准菌株ATCC33277体外培养。12只新西兰大白兔适应性喂养1周后,经兔髂动脉球囊损伤术,建立单侧动脉粥样硬化模型。于术后1周,标准菌株P.g按每只1×107CFU/100μL经耳静脉接种于动脉粥样硬化兔,同时给予或不给予高脂饮食。12周后取材,观察兔髂动脉的内膜组织病理学改变,检测动脉粥样斑块上P.gDNA存在情况。结果兔单侧髂动脉经球囊剥脱术均形成了稳定的内膜增生灶和动脉狭窄。小剂量P.g静脉注射后,所有动物均未见临床感染标志和死亡发生,可模拟无症状菌血症模型;在兔静脉血和动脉斑块上均可检测到P.gDNA的存在。结论兔髂动脉球囊剥脱术后,给予或不给予高脂饮食,通过小剂量P.g静脉注射,可建立伴无症状菌血症的兔动脉粥样硬化模型。

Objective To establish the rabbit iliac artery atherosclerotic model with Porphyromonas gingivalis （P. g）-induced nonsymptomatic bacteremias. Methods P. g ATCC33277 was cultured in vitro. After adaptive feeding for one week, unilateral artery atherosclerotic model was established with 12 New Zealand rabbits by iliac artery balloon injury. One week after operation, rabbits were inoculated intravenously with live P. g （1 ×10^7CFU/100μL） and were fed with either a high-fat diet or regular chow. Twelve weeks later, the histopathological change of the iliac artery intima was observed and the existence of P. gDNA on the atherosclerotic plaque was detected. Results The unilateral iliac artery balloon injury in rabbits led to the stable intima proliferation and arterial stenosis. After intravenous injection of P. g at a low dose, sign of clinical infection was not observed and case of death was not found, mimicking the nonsymptomatic bacteremias model. P. gDNA could be detected in the venous blood and on the atherosclerotic plaque. Conclusion After iliac artery balloon injury in rabbits, P. g intravenous injection at a low dose, with or without high-fat diet, may establish the atherosclerotic model with nonsymptomatic bacteremias.