镍钛形状记忆合金的材料学特征与医学应用

Material characteristics and medical application of nickel-titanium shape-memory alloy

目的:综述镍钛形状记忆合金的基本特性及在当前骨科材料上的应用和发展趋势。资料来源:应用计算机检索1993-01/2007-03关于镍钛形状记忆合金的文章,检索词“Ni-Tishape-memoryAlloy”,并限定文章的语言种类为English,同时利用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1996-01/2006-05的相关文章,限定文章语言种类为中文,检索词“镍钛形状记忆合金”。资料选择:对资料进行初审,纳入标准:①镍钛形状记忆合金的原理、特性。②发展状况、生物相容性。③材料的临床应用。资料提炼:共收集到符合上述要求文献100篇,排除66篇重复性研究,34篇符合纳入标准。资料综合:镍钛形状记忆合金有良好的生物相容性,由其制成的骨科内固定物已广泛应用于临床,如镍钛形状记忆合金加压骑缝钉、镍钛形状记忆合金锯齿臂环抱内固定器、镍钛形状记忆合金自锁式髓内钉、镍钛形状记忆合金鹰嘴引导记忆固定器、镍钛形状记忆合金抓髌器、镍钛形状记忆合金椎体钉、镍钛形状记忆合金椎间融合器、镍钛形状记忆合金扩张钳。结论:随着记忆合金工程应用的不断发展,镍钛形状记忆合金这种新型功能材料将在医学上获得更广泛的应用,多学科的工作者共同协作是促进医学新材料不断发展的必要条件。

OBJECTIVE： To review the property and application of nickel-titanium （Ni-Ti） shape-memory alloy in orthopedics. DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search was undertaken to identify the articles of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy published from January 1993 to March 2007, using the keywords ＂Ni-Ti shape-memory alloy＂ and language was limited to English; meanwhile the relevant Chinese articles were retrieved in Chinese Journal Full-text Database between January 1996 and May 2006, with the key word Ni-Ti shape-memory alloy. STUDY SELECTION： All the literatures were checked primarily. Inclusive criteria： ①the principle and property of Ni-Ti shape-memory alloy.②the development and biocompatibility.③the clinical application. DATA EXTRACTION： Totally 100 articles were collected, 66 of them were excluded due to the repetition of the contents and 34 ones in accordance with the criteria were selected. DATA SYNTHESIS： Ni-Ti shape-memory alloy is good in biocompatibility, and it has been widely applied in clinical internal fixations, such as Ni-Ti shape-memory alloy compressive staple, Ni-Ti shape-memory sawtooth-arm embracing internal fixator, Ni-Ti shape-memory alloy self-locking intramedular nail, Ni-Ti shape-memory alloy eagle＇s beak-induced memory flxator, Ni-Ti alloy patella holder, Ni-Ti alloy vertebral screw, Ni-Ti alloy intervertebral fusion cage, and Ni-Ti alloy stretching pliers. CONCLUSION： With the increasing development of memory alloy engineering, Ni-Ti shape-memory alloy has been applied more widely and the multidisciplinary coordination is necessary.