去势大鼠腰椎骨密度及血清生化指标改变及运动训练的干预

Effects of movement training on bone mineral density of lumbar vertebra and serum biochemical indicators in ovariectomized rats

目的:通过观察切除卵巢骨质疏松模型大鼠骨组织形态、血清生化指标以及骨密度的表达情况,了解运动训练对预防绝经后骨质疏松的生物学作用。方法:实验于2005-01/2006-01在解放军第四军医大学动物中心实验室完成。①实验对象:雌性SD大鼠45只,随机分为正常对照组、单纯去势组以及运动训练组,每组15只。②实验方法:单纯去势组、运动训练组分离出双侧卵巢并结扎,摘除,分层缝合切口。正常对照组大鼠仅行手术进入腹腔,切除少量脂肪组织后关闭腹腔。运动训练组术后2周开始进行跑步训练,跑道速度为15m/min。每日上下午各训练1h。各组动物于术后第12周麻醉下处死采血,收集骨骼标本。③实验评估:苏木精-伊红染色观察第3腰椎骨组织形态;DPX-IQ7040双能X线骨密度仪测定第4腰椎骨密度;甲基百里香酚蓝法测定血清钙水平;硫酸亚铁法测定血清磷水平;磷酸苯二钠法测定血清碱性磷酸酶水平;放免法测定骨钙素水平。结果:单纯去势组和运动训练组各有1只动物死亡。其余动物均进入结果分析。①腰椎骨密度:运动训练组明显高于单纯去势组[(0.2443±0.0202),(0.2004±0.0408)g/cm2,P<0.01]。②血清中生化指标检测结果:运动训练组钙离子、碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素水平明显低于单纯去势组[(2.440±0.232),(3.053±0.172)mmol/L;(1.962±0.173),(2.350±0.195)μkat/L;(23.43±3.78),(27.86±4.43)μg/L,P<0.01]。③骨组织形态:运动训练组骨小梁数目增加,小梁的厚度增加,视野下穿孔的数量少于单纯去势组。结论:经过适量运动训练,大鼠去卵巢后体内骨改建的高转换状态可以得到缓解。

AIM： To explore the biological effects of movement training against postmenopausal osteoporosis by observing the bone tissue, the levels of serum biochemical indicators and bone mineral density in osteoporotic rats after ovariectomy. METHODS： The experiment was performed at the Animal Central Laboratory of Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from January 2005 to January 2006. ①experimental subjects： Totally 45 female SD rats were selected and randomly divided into normal control group, simple ovariectomized group and movement training group with 15 in each group. ②experimental process： Animals in simple ovariectomized group and movement training group received ovariectomy. Animals in normal control group only received a little fat removal in abdominal cavity. Animals in movement training group were trained running 2 weeks after operation, 15 m/min, 1 hour in the morning and afternoon, respectively every day. All rats were killed at week 12 after the operation to collect skeleton samples. ③experimental evaluation： Bone tissue morphous of L3 was observed in haematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. Bone mineral density of 1_4 was determined by DPX-IQ7040 Dual-Energy X-ray bone densitometry. Levels of serum calcium, serum phosphonium, serum alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were determined by use of methylthymol blue, iron protosulfate, disodium phenyl phosphate and radioimmunoassay, respectively. RESEULTS： One rat in the simple ovariectomized group and one rat in the.movement training group died. Other rats were all involved in the result analysis. ①density of lumbar vertebra： It was significantly higher in the movement training group than the simple ovariectomized group [（0.244 3±0.020 2）,（0.200 4±0.040 8） g/cm^2,P〈 0.01]. ②biochemical index in serum： Levels of calcium ion, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were obviously lower in the movement training group than the simple ovariectomized group [（2.440±0.232）,（3.053±0.172） mmol/L;（1.962±0.173）,（2.350±0.195）μkat/L; （23.43±3.78）, （27.86±4.43） μg/L,P 〈 0.01].③bone tissue morphous： Quantity of bone trabecula in movement training group was increased and thickness of trabecula was also increased, and the perforated quantity was less than that in the simple ovariectomized group. CONCLUSION： High level of bone turnover can be relieved in ovariectomized rats after appropriate exercise.