城市最低生活保障制度的价值取向透视——以昆明市为调研个案

Value Orientation of Urban Minimum Subsistence Allowance System——The Case of Kunming

昆明是较早实行城市最低生活保障工作的城市,低保制度在实施过程中也表现出不少值得深思的问题:贫困是个人问题还是社会问题;最低生活保障的获得是接受恩赐还是享受权利;工作人员与受保对象的关系是管理还是服务等等。对昆明城市最低生活保障制度实施状况进行分析评价,有着非常积极的意义。调查研究结果表明:由于国民权利意识和"以人为本"价值取向的严重缺失,导致受保对象虽然在物质生活方面得到一定的改善,但在精神上却付出极大的代价。城市低保制度与促进社会公平公正的社会福利目标之间还有一定的距离,这种状况应引起政府和社会各界人士的深切关注!

Kunming is one of the cities that started the practice of urban minimum subsistence allowance system at a fairly early period. However, during the practice, there have appeared many issues worthy of further exploration： Is poverty an individual or a social problem？ Does minimum subsistence allowance mean reception of alms or enjoyment of one＇s rights？ How the privileged subjects are determined among the working staff？. Research findings show that those enjoying minimum subsistence allowances suffer spiritually though they have material gains because of the general absence of the citizens＇ awareness of rights and the idea of ＂People Foremost＂. It is imperative that government and people from various circles attach great importance to the fact that there is still a gap between urban minimum subsistence allowance system and the promotion of social justice that is the goal of social welfare.