81例儿童低视力的病因及视觉康复

The Etiology and Rehabilitation of 81 Children with Low Vision

目的:分析儿童低视力的病因及配用助视器后视功能康复情况。方法:对3—14岁的低视力儿童83例(166眼)进行病因分析及验配助视器,并了解他们视觉康复情况。结果:儿童低视力病因以先天及遗传眼病为主,早产儿视网膜病变也是低视力的原因。83例中25例(30.1%)经常规屈光矫正后视力有改善;裸眼使用助视器脱残率低于戴镜后用助视器的脱残率(62.8%、89.2%,P<0.01)。83例中有23例选用近用助视器,其中73.9%近视力≥0.5。结论:重视防止低视力发生;低视力儿童应常规进行屈光检查,配戴眼镜并配合使用助视器则效果更佳。

Objective： To analyze the etiology and rehabilitation of 81 children with low vision. Methods： Eighty-one subjects from age 3-14 years were provided with the distanct and near low vision aids. Results： The main causes of low vision in children were congenital and hereditary eye diseases, and the retinopathy of prematurity. For 81 cases of low vision, 25 cases （30. 9%） were found to have improved vision function with refractive correction. The rate of overcoming the handicap was 65. 50/60 when the patients were fitted with low vision aids only. There was a 91.7% rate of overcoming the handicap when they were given both full refractive correction and low vision aids. There was significant difference in improvement between the two methods （P〈0.01）. Near visual acuity in 74% subjects was ≥0. 5 after using near low vision aids. Conclusion： The importance of ametropic correction for rehabilitation of children with low vision should be recognized.