葛洲坝下游中华鲟产卵场的多参数生态水文学模型

Multi-Parameter Ecological Hydrology Model for Spawning Grounds of Acipenser Sinensis Downstream of the Gezhouba Dam

收集了葛洲坝修建以来中华鲟产卵场20多年的系列水文资料和中华鲟产卵量资料,在分析了中华鲟产卵期水位、水深、流速、流量等水文要素变化规律的基础上,采用P-Ⅲ型生物分布曲线作为理论分布曲线,建立了产卵场的流量频率模型和水位频率模型,并分析了中华鲟在产卵期10月和11月分别产卵的概率值。在分析产卵场水文要素变化规律的基础上,以水位、水深、流量、流速等水文参数为自变量,以中华鲟繁殖亲鱼尾数、产卵量为倚变量,构建了多参数生态水文学模型,并率定了相应的系数,该模型具有一定的适应性。本项研究为三峡工程的优化调度提供设计理论依据,对中华鲟的保护具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。

This paper collects a series of hydrologic and spawning data in the past 20 years in Acipenser Sinensis spawning grounds downstream of the Gezhouba Darn, and sets up the frequency models of the discharge and water level of the spawning grounds based on P-Ⅲ frequency method through analyses of the water level, depth, velocity and discharge of the spawning grounds during spawning period of Acipenser Sinensis. The probabilities of spawning of Acipenser Sinensis in October and November are calculated respectively. A multi-parameter ecological hydrology model is established on the basis of analysis the change rules of hydrological elements in the spawning grounds, which takes the water level, depth, discharge and velocity as independent variable, and the number of parent fishes and spawn as dependent variable. The parameters of the model are calibrated to have flexibility for actual utilization. This model provides theoretical supports for optimal regulation of the Gezhouba Project and the three Gorges project, and also has important theoretical significance and the value of practical application for the protection of Acipenser Sinensis.