老年人主观幸福感与应对方式的相关性研究

Correlation research on the subjective well- being and the coping styles of the elderly

目的探讨老年人的主观幸福感和应对方式状况及其相互关系,为心理护理提供理论依据。方法用主观幸福感量表（MUNSH）和应对方式问卷对150例老年人的主观幸福感和应对方式状况进行调查,并对主观幸福感与应对方式的关系进行相关性分析。结果老年人主观幸福感总分为（26.43±9.76）分,正性情感和体验得分远大于负性情感和体验（P〈0.01）;应对方式中解决问题和求助因子得分最高;主观幸福感的正性因子分和总分与解决问题、求助呈正相关（P〈0.01）,主观幸福感的负性因子分与解决问题、求助呈成负相关（P〈0.05）。结论老年人中大部分人采用成熟型应对方式,幸福感较强。应重视采取不成熟应对方式的少部分人,帮助其改变应对方式,以提高主观幸福感。

Objective To explore the status of the subjective well--being （SWB） and the coping styles of the elderly, as well as the correlations between them, and to provide a theoretical basis for conducting the psychological nursing. Methods A total of 150 old persons were conveyed with the Memorial University of New Foundland Scale of Happiness （MUNSH） and the Coping Styles Questionnaire, and an analysis on the correlation between the subjective well--being and the coping styles was performed. Results The total score of the old persons＇ SWB was 26.43±9.76. The mean scores in posi tire affectivity （PA） and positive experience （PE） were higher than those in negative affectivity （NA） and negative experience （NE） （P 〈 0.01）, and the scores of factors of solving problems and seeking assistance were the highest among the scores in the copping styles. The positive factors （PA and PE） of the old persons＇ SWB were positively correlated to the factors of solving problems and seeking assistance （P 〈 0.01）, while the negative factors （NA and NE） negatively correlated to the factors of solving prob lems and seeking assistance （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions Most of the old persons adopt a mature coping style and have a better SWB. More attention should be paid to those who adopt an immature copying style. To help them change their copying style can improve their SWB.