深圳龙岗区2000～2005有机溶剂职业性危害事故调查分析

INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS ON OCCUPATIONAL ORGANIC SOLVENTS POISONING CASES IN LONGGANG DISTRICT OF SHENZHEN CITY FROM 2000 TO 2005

[目的]了解分析深圳市龙岗区2000～2005年间共发生的25起有机溶剂职业性危害事故。[方法]按职业病诊断标准对收集的25起有机溶剂职业性损害资料进行分析。按照GB/T4754-94《国民经济行业分类和代码》大类划分行业,职业损害原因划分按卫生部卫统19表中的规定。[结果]25起事故中,损害38人,死亡6人,死亡率15.79%。三氯乙烯15起,列首位(60.00%);患者16人,死亡4人,死亡率高达25.00%,占全区有机溶剂死亡人数构成比的首位(66.67%)。[结论]三氯乙烯是引起我区有机溶剂中毒的主要毒物;造成事故原因主要为密闭通风排毒措施不佳,个人防护较差,职工缺乏安全防护知识所致。

[Objective] To analyze the 25 eases of occupational organic solvents poisoning from 2000 to 2005. [ Mothods] The materials of 25 cases of occupational organic solvents poisoning were analyzed according to the diagnostic criteria for occupational disease. And the disease categories, trade and reasons were studied. [Results] In 25 cases of occupational organic solvents poisoning, there were 38 damaged cases and 6 dead eases, the fatality rate was 15.79%. Especially trichloroethvlene was the first factor of the occupational- disease-inductive-accidents, which caused 15 cases of occupational poisoning （60%）, 16 cases damaged and 4 cases dead. The fatality rate was up to 25.00%, trichloroethylene was the most important cause of death of occupational organic solvents poisoning （66.67%） . [Conclusionsl For occupational organic solvents poisoning in Longgang District, the main poison is trichloroethylene, the main reason are lacking effective ventilation measures and individual protection measures, which fail to meet the standard and requirement of occupational heahh, and inadequate occupational health knowledge for laborers.