昆明市2004年老年居民死亡原因回顾性调查分析

A RETROSPECTIVE SURVEY ON DEATH CAUSES OF THE AGED RESIDENTS IN KUNMING CITY IN 2004

[目的]了解昆明市60岁及以上老年居民病伤死亡水平、死亡原因及其影响因素,为制定防治对策提供科学依据。[方法]对昆明市2004年居民的死亡原因进行回顾性调查,采用国际疾病分类ICD-10进行编码并录入死因统计软件DeathReg2005进行统计分析。[结果]昆明市60岁及以上老年居民的总死亡率为3398.70/10万。第1位死因循环系统疾病占总死亡的33.33%,前3位死因依次为循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、恶性肿瘤,占总死亡的74.96%。死亡率农村显著高于城市,男性显著高于女性,年龄越大死亡率越高(P均﹤0.01)。循环系统疾病以脑血管病(56.95%)和心脏病(40.90%)为主,呼吸系统疾病以下呼吸道疾病为主(79.38%)。恶性肿瘤前3位死因依次为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌。[结论]昆明市已进入老龄化社会,慢性非传染性疾病已成为威胁昆明市老年居民健康的主要疾病,加强慢病的综合防治显得尤为迫切。

[Objective] To observe the death level, death causes and influential factors of residents aged 60-year and over in Kunming City, to provide scientific basis for the establishment of prevention and control countermeasures. [Methods] A retrospective survey on death causes of residents in Kunming City In 2004 was conducted. The causes of deaths were classified according to ICD-10 and the statistical data were analyzed with DeathReg 2005 software. [ Results] The overall mortality was 3 398.70 per 100 000. The first death cause circulatory system diseases shared 33.33%, and the preceeding 3 causes of all deaths were circulatory system diseases, respiratory system diseases and malignant neoplasm in sequence, accounting for 74.96% of all death causes . Mortality of suburb area was significandy higher than that of urban area, that of male obviously higher than female, and mortality increased greatly with age （P 〈 0.01） . Cerebral-vascular diseases and heart diseases were the main part of circulatory system diseases, and chronic lower respiratory tract diseases was the main part of respiratory diseases. The preceeding 3 death causes of malignant neoplas,n were lung cancer, liver cancer and stomach cancer in sequence. [Conclusions] Kunming city has been aging society, and chronic non-communicable diseases （NCDs.） have caused the main threat to the aged residents＇ health in Kunming city, therefore it is imperative to strengthen comprehensive prevention and control for NCDs.