重庆市人体肠道线虫感染现状调查与分析

Investigation and analysis on the infection of intestinal nematode in Chongqing,China

目的了解重庆市人体肠道线虫感染现状。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,在全市40个区县中抽取7个县21个点,每点检查500人以上。应用Kato-Katz涂片法检查粪便中肠道线虫卵;透明胶纸肛拭法定性检查12岁以下儿童蛲虫卵,并作相关因素分析。结果共粪检10572人,查出肠道线虫感染者3396人,感染率为32.12%。以渝东南山区的梁平、黔江感染率(54.90%与51.39%)为最高,渝西北丘陵地区的北碚感染率(4.86%)最低。蛔虫、钩虫和鞭虫感染率分别为20.90%、12.78%和1.46%。肛拭法检查1916名儿童,查出蛲虫感染者351人,感染率为18.32%。肠道线虫感染率以青少年、学龄前儿童、学生、农民及文盲人群最高,性别间感染率差异无显著性。蛔虫、钩虫感染与生吃蔬菜、赤脚下地劳动、年人均收入、文化程度密切相关。结论重庆市人体肠道线虫感染率、感染度呈下降趋势,但地区、人群分布差异较大,肠道线虫感染的危害仍较严重。

Objective To understand the epidemiological situation of main intestinal nematode in Chongqing. Methods 21 sites among 7 counties were selected by cluster sampling and more than 500 persons were examined in each sites. The eggs of intestinal nematode in faeces were examined by Kato-katz＇s smear method and the cellophane tape swab technique was used to examine E, nterobius vermicularis eggs in children less than 12. Relative endemic factors were analyzed. Results 3 396 of 10 572 persons infected intestinal nematode with the infection rate of 32. 12%0. The infection rates of Lian gping and Qianjiang sited in southeast mountainous area of Chongqing were highest, the lowest was Beibei which sited in the northwest hilly and gully regions. The average infection rates of Ascaris lurnbricoides, hookworm and Trichuris trichiura were 20. 900%, 12.78%0 and 1.46%0 respectively. The infection rate of E. verrnicularis was 18.32%0. There wasn＇t remarkable difference between male and female. The infection rates of adolescents, preschool children, students, farmers and illiteracies were highest. The infection of A. lurnbricoides and hookworm was related to eating uncooked vegetables, barefoot labour, the year-average income and culture degree. Conclusion The infection rate and infection intensity of intestinal nematode reduce obviously in Chongqing. But the infection of intestinal nematode is still serious considering the difference of region and population distribution.