PICU危重患儿家属心理反应及需求的调查研究

Investigations of psychological reactions and requirements for parents with severe child patients in PICU

目的探讨儿科重症监护病房(PICU)危重患儿父母的心理反应及心理需求,为临床医疗护理工作提供有力的参考依据。方法采用随机抽样方法,对PICU100例危重患儿的父母进行心理反应测定及心理需求调查。结果患儿父母心理反应包括:担心患儿得不到很好的照顾、担心治疗失败、担心后遗症、对治疗方法不了解、担心经济问题、不了解疾病等出现焦虑,与常模比较,差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。心理需求包括:希望医护人员更好地关心和照顾小儿,希望医护人员发挥最好的医术将患儿疾病治好;希望医护人员多解释病情,及时通报病情变化。结论PICU抢救危重患儿的同时要注重患儿父母的心理反应以及心理需求,给予家属早期心理干预,积极沟通,加强业务学习和技能训练,为患儿提供精湛的技术,提供更加温馨的医疗护理及多形式的健康知识教育,使患儿父母了解PICU的管理模式及更多疾病的相关知识,消除紧张、焦虑、甚至抑郁等负性心理,提高护理工作效率,有利于患儿康复。

Objective To explore the psychological reactions and requirements for parents with severe child patients Pediatric Intensive Care Unit （PICU） in order to provide guidance of pediatric nursing, and to improve the quality of nursing and the need of the children and their parents. Method 100 parents with severe child patients in PICU of children＇s hospital from Oct. 2005 to Oct. 2006 were surveyed on their psychological reactions and requirements. Result The main psychological reactions in parents of child patient in PICU were as follows： children will not receive good care; therapy fail, serious sequelae, economic problem, The anxiety score was significantly higher than that of control （P〈0.05）. The psychological requirements were as follows： better care and treatment for their children, best medical services for their child patient, and explain the child patients＇ disease and change by doctor. Conclusion It is necessary to investigate the psychological reactions and requirements of the parents with child patients in PICU, and to adopt pertinent measure, acquire the cooperation of patients＇ parents and enhance the quality of nursing.