安全型火车司机生理-心理模式探讨

Study of PhysiologicoPsychological Model in Safety Type Driver

目的：为预测与监察火车司机中的高危人员，探讨安全型火车司机的生理－心理模型，制定合格司机选拔与考评标准提供科学依据。方法：调查研究１９８５年～１９９３年１１个机务段２０６０名司机和８６０１例行车事故的规律、成因及危险因素，采用配对调查和社会、心理、行为、生理测试方法，并对数据作一元与多元分析。结果：司机心理运动功能、神经类型、文化、智能、反应时、视力、情绪、个性、睡眠及疲劳等，对行车安全有重要影响。结论：司机良好的生理－心理素质对行车安全有显著影响，提供了安全型司机生理－心理模型。

Objective:The purpose of this study is to predict the highrisk group of drivers and to research the physiologicopsychological model of safety type driver.The study also offers some of scientific standards for selecting and testing qualified drivers.Method:The regularity,reason and risk factors in 2060 drivers and 8601 accident records were surveyed.Matched pair study was used to investigate activity,psychological and physiological factors.The data were analysed by multiply statistics mathod.Result and Conclusion:The factors such as psychological activity function of driver,nervous type,education,intelligence,reaction time,eyesight,mood,individual character,sleep,fatigue etc. have important influence on safety of driving.A physiologicopsychological model for safety type driver was provided.