镇江东风煤矿煤工尘肺发病情况30年动态观察

Incidence of coal worker` pneumoconiosis in dongfeng coal mine of Zhenjiang──Athirty-year follow-up study

为分析薄煤层小型煤矿煤工尘肺动态发病情况、规律及影响因素，按前瞻性调查方法对各作业点粉尘浓度、接尘工人Ｘ线胸片进行了３０年动态观察。结果３０年间全矿共发现煤工尘肺患者７５０例，患病率２５．０７％，病死率１１．８７％，现患率２２．７７％。动态观察表明随着作业场所防尘措施的不断改善，尘肺发病率明显下降。不同诊断年代的发病工龄、年龄及平均生存年限，随时间推移明显延长，经等极相关检验有非常显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示薄煤层小型矿只要能采取以湿式作业为主的综合防尘措施，就能预防和控制煤工尘肺的发生和发展。

To study occurrence of coal worker`s pneumoconiosis (CWP) , its regularity and fac- tors affecting it in small-sized coal mines with thin-layer coal seam , workers exposed to coal dust were followed up for 30 years by chest radiophotography , as well as determination of dust concen- trations in their working places. Results showed that 750 cases of CWP were diagnosed during the past 30 years , with a cumulative incidence rate of 25. 07% , casefatality ratio of 11.87% and preva- lence rate of 22.77% . Follow-up indicated that incidence of pneumoconiosis decreased significantly , and their length of employment in coal mine and ages at diagnosis and average survival prolonged , with continuous improvement of dust-control measures , with a statistical significance by rank cor- relation test (P<0. 05 ) . It suggests that occurrence and progress of CWP can be prevented and con- trolled if comprehensive dusc-control measures focused on wetting production can be adopted in small-sised coal mines with thin-layer coal seam.