沂蒙山区土壤侵蚀敏感性评价

Sensitivity Appraisal for Soil Erosion in the Yimeng Mountainous Area

根据沂蒙山区遥感影像解译和水土流失遥感调查数据等资料,在通用土壤侵蚀方程的基础上,选择降雨侵蚀力、土壤可蚀性值、坡度和植被覆盖等自然因子建立土壤侵蚀敏感性评价指标体系。利用GIS方法对影响土壤侵蚀敏感性的单因子进行计算,并将各因子进行栅格化。运用空间分析方法对沂蒙山区土壤侵蚀敏感性进行综合评价,将沂蒙山区土壤侵蚀敏感性分为极敏感区、高度敏感区、中度敏感区、轻度敏感区和一般敏感区5个等级区域,并分析了不同土壤侵蚀敏感区的空间分布。

The Yimeng mountainous area is the most serious area suffering from soil and water loss in the Huaihe basin. The occurrence and development of soil and water loss for a long time have formed the special erosion environment. The application of computer and GIS has brought enormous efficiency in soil erosion investigation and evaluation. Referring to remote sensing images and investigated data of soil erosion, the thesis sets up a soil erosion sensitivity appraisal system based on the universal soil loss equation （USLE）. The appraisal system includes rainfall erosion, terrain factor, soil erodibility and vegetation cover, and each of the factors that influence soil erosion sensitivity is calculated using the GIS method. Then the thesis appraises the soil erosion sensitivity in the Yimeng mountainous area using the spatial method, and divides it into the extremely sensitive area, the highly sensitive area, the moderately sensitive area, the mildly sensitive area and the generally sensitive area. On this basis, the spatial distribution of soil erosion sensitivity is analyzed too.