基于GeoCA和GIS的水土流失空间演化模拟研究

Spatial Evolution Simulation of Soil and Water Loss Based on GeoCA and GIS

传统的水土流失研究主要是以通用方程(USLE)为基础的一种确定性分析。实际上,水土流失是一个影响因素众多,边界条件复杂的连续不间断的不确定过程。研究了用地理元胞自动机来模拟水土流失的原理、方法和工作流程,并在GIS技术支持下采用标准的Von.Neumann邻居定义,着重探讨元胞状态转化所遵循的规则和水土流失从一种强度到另一种强度这一微观动态变化过程,最终形成GeoCA—SoilErosion系统。最后,以重庆市万洲区为例,用元胞空间与研究区域相一致的地理元胞自动机模型,得出了重庆市万洲区水土流失等级图并分析了水土流失与其背景的空间关系。研究结果表明,万洲区水土流失已经得到有效控制。并运用ArcView软件作为开发平台与之集成,将这一过程可视化表达。

The traditional descriptions of soil and water loss are mostly the definite approaches based on the current equation （USLE）. In fact, soil erosion is an indefinite complicated process influenced by various factors and complicated border conditions. This paper aimed to study how to use GeoCA to simulate soil and water loss in terms of its principles, forms and processes. Moreover, sustained by GIS, the study paid a great attention to the rules and the dynamic micro-processes from one state to another in order to form the GeoCA-Soil Erosion system using the Von Neumann neighbor. As an example, the system was applied in Wanzhou district, Chongqing City, and the relations of soil erosion with the basic factors were analyzed. Results show that urban soil and water loss in Wanzhou district has been effectively controlled, At the same time, the process can be visualized with the integration of GIS and CA technology.