水土保持在维护浙江省生态安全中的作用

Functions of Soil and Water Conservation in Maintaining Ecology Security of Zhejiang Province

浙江省地处中国东南沿海,属南方红壤丘陵区,受自然因素和人类活动的影响,水土流失较为严重。通过对浙江省水土流失现状、发展趋势及水土流失对生态安全的危害等问题的系统分析,认为水土保持在维护生态安全中起着举足轻重的作用,是维护生态安全的切入点。(1)通过退耕还林还草,提高了植被覆盖率,起到了增加降雨入渗,减少地表侵蚀,保护土地资源的作用;(2)各种水土保持工程能有效增枯减洪,减少河流泥沙,改善水质环境,有效发挥水利工程效益;(3)各种农业水土保持措施和多种农业经营方式,既促进了山区经济发展,又保护了山区生态环境。

Zhejiang Province is located in the red soil hills region of Southeast China. Soil and water loss is a major problem because of natural processes and human activities in the province. Based on the analyses of the situation, development tendency and soil erosion hazards, the important functions of soil and water conservation in maintaining ecology safety were investigated. These functions are increasing vegetation cover and soil penetration, increasing valid water, decreasing peak flow, reducing sediment in river and reservoir, improving water quality, exerting engineer benefits and preventing soil and water loss by human activities. In the same time, it also plays an important role in conserving environment and reducing soil erosion, as well as facilitating economic development in the undeveloped countryside.