医疗机构职工吸烟状况及控烟能力调查

Studies on prevalence of smoking and ability in smoking control among health-care workers of four hospitals in Daxing District of Beijing

目的了解大兴区医疗机构职工吸烟现状、控烟知识、态度和行为,以及医务工作者控烟能力,为创建无烟医院提供基线资料。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,先抽取大兴区一级医院和二级医院各2家,再在医院内采取系统抽样方法,抽取吸烟的职工进行问卷调查。结果医务工作者总吸烟率为10.0%,男性34.5%、女性0.3%,男女之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=129.4,P<0.01)。94名吸烟者中,63人(67.0%)曾尝试过戒烟,戒烟失败的主要原因中以缺乏意志力所占比例最高(33.3%)。医生对尼古丁替代疗法知晓率最高(47.0%),但对5日戒烟法知晓率较低(23.9%)。结论有必要在医生中开展吸烟危害、戒烟知识和戒烟方法的培训。积极开展创建无烟医院活动是促进医院建设无烟环境的一个有效载体。

Objective To study prevalence of smoking, and knowledge, attitude, behavior, as well as ability of smoking control among health-care workers of the hospitals in Daxing District, Beijing, to provide baseline data for the establishment of nosmoking hospitals. Methods Health-care workers who smoked among two primary-care hospitals and two secondary-care hospitals in Daxing District were selected by stratified cluster and systematic sampling to be interviewed with queationnaire. Results The overall prevalence of smoking was 10.0% in the health-care workers, 34.5% for men and 0.3% for women, with statistically significance （χ^2 = 129.4, P 〈 0.01 ）. Six-three of 94 （67.0%） smokers once tried to quit smoking, but failed due to the reasons such as lack of perseverance （in 33.3% of them）, and so on. Awareness of nicotine replacement therapy in health-care workers was 47.0%, the highest in all the knowledge of smoking control, but that of five-day smoking quitting therapy was lower （23.9 % ）. Conclusions It is necessity to conduct health education about tobacco hazard among health-care workers and to provide training for the knowledge and methods of smoking quitting. It is an effective vector to establish no-smoking hospital actively in promotion of smoking-free environement in hospitals.