基于分形理论齿轮箱故障诊断研究

Fault Diagnosis of Gearbox Based on Fractal Theory

在对齿轮箱的机械故障诊断中,由于齿轮箱运行过程中产生的信号中存在非线性,为此将分形理论引入故障诊断技术中。介绍了分形法诊断故障的基本原理,利用G-P算法求出各工况的分形维数并进行比较,实现了对齿轮箱故障的诊断。诊断结果表明,发动机轴承正常状态下的分形维数为2·6346,各故障状态时均有惟一确定的分形维数且都大于2·6346。由此看出,用分形维数可以表征机械故障状态,说明分形理论能从本质上反映故障的结构特征。

Because the running gearboxes could produce nonlinear signals, normal linear methods were not effective for fault diagnosis. Fault diagnosis technology based on fractal theory was introduced. The basic principle of fractal method applied in fault diagnosis was described, the G-P algorithm was used to calculate fractal dimension in each state, and the calculation results were compared so as to realize fault diagnosis of gearboxes in the engine. The diagnosis result showed that the fractal dimension under the condition of normal state is 2. 634 6, and each faulty state has a certain fractal dimension, and it is larger than 2. 634 6. It is illustrated that this method is effective for describing the fault structure features in fault diagnosis of engine gearbox.