利用SSR技术研究花生属种间亲缘关系

Phylogenetic Relationship among the Species in Genus Arachis Through SSR

用44对SSR特异引物对花生属不同区组的21份种质进行了分析，获得能稳定揭示花生属种间差异的SSR引物34对。34对引物在21份种质中共检测到190个等位基因变异，每个位点上检测的等位变异数为3～11个，平均为5．59个。21份材料间存在很大的遗传变异，平均遗传距离为0．63，变异范围为0．08～0．95。聚类分析表明，区组间的遗传分化大于区组内的遗传分化，匍匐区组的遗传分化大于其他区组的遗传分化，同一物种不同种质问也存在很大的差异。栽培种花生与花生区组材料的亲缘关系相对较近，与花生属的植物学分类一致，其中A基因组的A．duranensis和A．villosa及B基因组的A．batizocoi与栽培种花生的亲缘关系更近一些。

Forty-four SSR primer pairs were used to amplify genomic DNA of 21 peanut genotypes in genus Arachis. Thirty-four of the 44 primers were detected which displayed polymorphism among 21 peanut genotypes and amplified 190 loci alleles in total. The average number of alleles per locus was 5.59 with range of 3 to 11. The genetic diversity level among 21 genotypes in genus Arachis were very high and genetic distance （GD） was from 0.08 to 0.95 with an average of 0.63. The results from UPGMA analysis indicated that genetic differentiation among the genotypes from different sections was bigger than that from the same section. Genetic diversities of species in section Procumbentes was richer than that in other sections. There was also considerable polymorphism among the different genotypes of one same species. The genetic distance between cultivated peanut and several species including A. duranensis, A. villosa and A. batizocoi belonging to section Arachis was relatively more close in the comparison with some other species which was in accordance with peanut classification system.