肝移植术后肺部感染的预防及护理

Prevention and nursing care of the cases with lung infection after liver transplantation

目的：探讨肝移植术后发生肺部感染的有效预防和护理方法。方法：回顾分析2003年11月～2006年1月在我院行肝移植术34例患者的病历资料，对11例术后肺部感染的原因进行分析，总结肺部感染的预防及护理措施。结果：34例肝移植患者中发生肺部感染11例，感染率32．4％，治愈10例，因肺部感染导致死亡1例。结论：长时间使用呼吸机、气管插管及气管切开为肺部感染的主要原因。加强术后病房管理，重视物理性预防及使用呼吸治疗装置的护理，严格遵守吸痰注意事项及无菌技术操作，能降低肝移植患者肺部感染的发生率。

Objective： To explore effective prevention and nursing method of the cases with infection lung after liver transplantation . Methods： The retrospective study was made on the medical history data of 34 cases in order to summarize the nursing measures that prevent lung from infection. Results： Infection occurred in eleven cases, one case died of infection, and the infection rate was 32.4%. Conclusion ： With the usage of respirator long hours, tracheal tube and tracheal intubation were the main reason of the infection. To strengthen ward management, pay attention to physics prevention and use the nursing of the breath treatment device. Strict observance of regulation and aseptic procession can reduce the occurrence rate of lung infection after liver transplantation.