球笼式等速万向节结构轻量化设计

Research on structural lightweighting design of ball cage patterned constant speed universal joint

为了实现球笼式等速万向节的结构轻量化设计,以球笼式等速万向节最大接触应力、接触总变形和塑性变形为依据,分别对钢球数量为6和8的两种结构的球笼式等速万向节进行了初步研究。对球笼式等速万向节的主要结构尺寸即钢球中心圆直径与钢球直径之比、万向节外径与内套花键分度圆直径之比,以及球笼式等速万向节的偏心距与钢球中心圆半径之比进行了优化选择和比较。研究结果初步表明,对于球笼式等速万向节,当钢球数量由6增加为8时,由于钢球直径的减小,不但其外形尺寸可以减小12%、质量可以减少近20%,而且万向节的承载能力反而可以得到少许提高。因此,增加球笼式等速万向节的钢球数量是实现其结构轻量化设计的一种有效方法。

For the sake of realizing the structural lightweighting design on ball cage patterned constant speed universal joint, taking the maximum contact stress of ball cage patterned constant speed universal joint, overall contacting deformation and plastic deformation as foundations, a preliminary study was carried out respectively on two kinds of ball cage patterned constant speed universal joints with their number of balls as 6 and 8. The optimization selection and comparison have been conducted on the ratios of majorstructural dimensions of ball cage patterned constant speed universal joint namely the ratio between central circle diameter of steel ball and ball diameter, the ratio between outer diameter of universal joint and diameter of graduation circle of inner sleeve spline and the ratio between eccentricity of ball cage patterned constant speed universal joint and central circle radius of ball. The result of study indicated preliminarily that as for the bal cage patterned constant speed universal joint, while the number of steel ball increased from 6 to 8, on account of the reduction of steel ball diameter, not only its outside dimension may cut down 12% , its weight could get a reduction of nearly 20% , but also the load bearing capacity of universal joint on the contrary could gain somewhat enhancement. Therefore, to increase the number of steel ball of the ball case patterned constant speed universal joint is a kind of effective method for realizing its structural light-weighting design.