不使用保护气氛和还原剂超声制备纳米钯颗粒

Sonochemical preparation of Pd nanoparticles without gas protection and reductant

在存在微量聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、不用气氛保护和还原剂的条件下超声还原氯化钯水溶液,合成出单分散纳米金属钯粒子,用TEM、HRTEM、FT-IR、XRD等技术进行了表征．TEM、HRTEM观察表明纳米金属钯粒子表现出单分散性,为柱状晶体;纳米钯粒子在溶液中的稳定分散存在主要与FT-IR揭示的PVP羰基基团与钯原子存在一定的配位吸附作用和PVP的长链空间位阻效应有关．

Monodispersed palladium nanoparticles can be synthesized by ultrasonic without gas protection and reductant in the palladium（ Ⅱ ） chloride aqueous solution by the addition of a small quantity of polyvinylpyrrolidone（PVP）. The monodispersity and column aspect of palladium nanoparticles were observed by TEM and HRTEM respectively. The five X-ray diffraction peaks of the metallic Pd were carried out to get information about the reduction of Pd（Ⅱ） ions to palladium atoms Pd（0）. The stabilization of nanoparticles had been investigated using FT-IR spectroscopy, and then the result showed that the PVP can protect the metal nanoparticles via the coordination of the PVP carbonyl group to the palladium atoms and the steric effect of the PVP polymer long chain.