论认知技能获得的阶段及其教学意义

On the Acquisition Stages of Cognitive Skills and their Implications for Teaching

认知技能是习得规则并用以解决实际问题的能力。完整的认知技能获得过程包括陈述性阶段、程序性阶段和条件化阶段。认知技能获得阶段的揭示有助于我们了解认知技能获得过程的实质,有助于深刻理解知识分类的性质,有助于认知技能形成的有效教学设计。

Cognitive skills refer to the ability to learn rules and to solve practical problems with them. The acquisition process of complete cognitive skills is composed of three stages, namely, the declarative stage, procedural stage and the conditional stage, which relate to each other and together form the complete process of cognitive skill acquisition. Each stage has its characteristics. The study of these characteristics is helpful for us to know the nature the process and reveal the formation law of cognitive skills.