文学研究的语言学研究方法探究

On Linguistic Approaches to Literary Studies

本文对文学研究中文学批评和语言学研究方法进行了比较,阐述了语言学研究方法从实用批评主义到新批评主义、结构主义、社会语言学、言语行为理论、篇章语言学等不同流派和发展趋势,分析了语言学研究方法所具有的独立性、客观性、系统性、综合性、外在性等优势,指出传统的文学批评与异军突起的语言学研究方法相结合具有相辅和互补关系,能为文学研究开辟一个新的天地。

This paper makes a comparison between literary criticism and linguistic approaches to literary studies. First it discusses briefly the functions and value of literary works and literary criticism and the limitations of literary criticism as well. Then the paper expounds in detail the different schools and the development tendency of linguistic approaches from practical criticism to new criticism, structuralism, sociolinguistics, speech act, text linguistics and etc. Also it analyses the advantages of linguistic approaches to be independent, objective, systematic, comprehensive and external. Finally it touches upon the mutual reference and the complementary relationship between the two research methods and proposes to combine the traditional literary criticism and newly-arising linguistic approaches to open up a new area for literary studies.