跨文化交际中语用失误的成因及对策

The Causes and Strategies of Pragmatic Failure in Cross-Cultural Communication

跨文化交际中存在着大量的语用失误现象,影响到交际的正常进行。语用失误有语言语用失误和社会语用失误两种。造成语用失误的原因有三种。一是对美语和英语的差异缺乏了解,二是受母语策略迁移的影响,三是文化传统及文化习惯的差异。

This essay presents many phenomena of pragmatic failures in cross-cultural communication, illustrates their serious effect on cross-cultural communication. According to J. Thomas, there are two categories in pragmatic failure. This essay analyzes the differences between pragmalinguistie failure and soeiopragmatie failure, and concludes three main reasons for making such pragmatic mistakes ： 1. the lack of understanding the differences between American English and British English ; 2. the impact of the transfer of L1 strategies ; 3. the differences between Chinese culture and westem culture, and offers some strategies to overcome such pragmatic failures.