面向意义学习的认知过程

The Cognitive Processes for Meaningful learning

学习不仅包括获取知识,还包括在各种各样的新情况下运用知识的能力,即学习包括“保持”和“迁移”这两个过程,本文以此观点为基础分析了意义学习与机械学习的区别,依据新修订的布卢姆认知目标分类学,对意义学习中的六类19种认知过程具体要素作出了说明,以此凸现认知过程中的“迁移”,帮助教育者更全面地完成教学和评估目标。

Learning includes not only acquiring knowledge, but also being able to use knowledge in a variety of new situations, which means that learning contains the two processes of retention and transfer. The article analyses the differences of meaningful learning and rote learning based on this view. Then according the new taxonomy, the author explain 19 specific cognitive processes that fit within these six categories and emphasizing the ＂transfer＂, in order to help the pedagogue to fulfill the instructional and evaluating goals.