钓源古村“风水玄机”中的生态环境理念——江西古村落群建筑特色研究之四

The Concept of "Feng-Shui" Ecological Environment in the Diaoyuan Village——Research of Buildings' Characteristics in the Ancient Villages of Jiangxi Province

钓源是北宋大文学家、政治家欧阳修后裔聚居的古村落,距今有1100多年的建村史。在这里,钓源先祖不仅将村落选在天造地设的“太极”图中,而且村落中到处布局有俨然天成的“八卦”形,甚至在村外四野也可见到诸如“三门两锁”、“七星伴月”的风水改造景观。从众多的“风水玄机”中所透视出的生态环境理念,体现了钓源先人追求自然与人为、天道与人道完美交融的境界,摒弃夹杂其中的部分封建糟粕的迷信观念,余留下来的则是在建设新农村中值得我们学习和借鉴的精华。

Diaoyuan is an ancient village where the descendants of Ou - Yang Xiu, a famous man of letters and politician in the Northern Song Dynasty,lived. It was 1 100 years ago when the village was built. Here,the ancestors not only situated the village in topography of the natural ＂Tai - ji＂ model, but also located the ＂Ba - Gua＂ models in the village, and even some modified - landscape of ＂Feng - Shui＂ can be found in the peripheral field of village, such as ＂Three - Doors, Two - Locks＂ and ＂The moon with Seven - Stars＂. The concept of ＂Feng - Shui＂ ecological environment shows how the ancestors of Diaoyuan Village pursued the congruence of man - made and natural forces,and the harmonization between the human and nature. Through rejecting the part of feudatorial superstitious ideas in the concept, we can study and apply the elites of the concept in the movement of building new villages.