岷江流域河水主要离子地球化学特征及人类活动影响研究

Major ion geochemistry and anthropogenic impacts on the Minjiang River,Sichuan

岷江水流量约为8.9×1010m3/yr,约占长江全流域水量10%。作者对4个监测站监测数据的分析发现,岷江TZ+高于世界河流平均值,具有富HCO3-、Ca2+特征;流域化学剥蚀通量为20.48×106t/yr,约占长江流域的10%;化学剥蚀速率为155.9t/km2.yr。岷江在流经四川盆地时主要离子SO42-、Cl-和Ca2+均已受到了人类活动较为严重的影响,酸雨是SO42-的主要污染来源,Cl的污染来源包括生活和工业废水、化肥和井盐开采,农业生产使用的富Ca化肥应是河流Ca污染源之一。

The Minjiang River has a flow capacity of 8.9 ×10^10 m^3/yr, about 10% of that of the Changjiang River. The analysis of the data from four hydrologic stations has disclosed that the TZ^＋ values for the Minjiang River are higher than the mean values for othe rivers in the world. The river water is HCO3^- and Ca-rich. The total chemical denudation flux in the Minjiang River is 20.48 × 10^6 t/yr, about 13% of that of the Changjiang River. The chemical denudation rates are 155.9 t/km^2 per year. Since the Minjiang River flows through the densely populated Sichuan Basin, the concentrations of major ions such as SO4, Cl and Ca are seriously influenced by the anthropogenic factors： SO4 mainly from the acidic rain; Cl from domestic sewage and industrial waste water, chemical fertilizer and salt production, and Ca from Ca-rich chemical fertilizer.