气候变暖对甘肃种植业结构和农作物生长的影响

Effects of Climate Warming on Cropping Structure and Crop Growth in Gansu Province

采用对农作物生长有指标意义的≥10℃积温和<0℃负积温与农作物适宜种植面积、生长发育速度及产量进行对比统计分析研究,得出气候变暖对农作物种植结构发生了较大改变,冬小麦西伸北扩,棉花面积迅速扩大,多熟制向北和高海拔地区推移。农作物生长发育速度发生了明显变化,春播作物提早播种,喜热和喜温作物生育期延长,越冬作物推迟播种,生育期缩短。喜热作物棉花气候产量明显增加。

In this paper the respondence of agricultural production over Northwest China, especially in Gansu, to the global climate warming has been analyzed by caculating the accumulated temperature（≥10 ℃ ）, accumulated negative temperature （〈0 ℃ ）, and the cultivated areas of some crops, as well as comparing their growth stages. The main results are as follows： the border of winter wheat （ Triticum spp. ） cultivated area has been expanded northwards and westwards, and the area of cotton （Gosspium spp. ） has been increased rapidly. The area of multiple cropping has been expanded towards north and higher altitude. The growth speed of crops has also been changed greatly. In addition, the seeding dates of spring sowing crops have been advanced and the growth period of thermophilic plants prolonged; the sowing dates of overwintering plants have been put off, and their growth period shortened. The climatic output of some thermophilic crops, as cotton, increased obviously.