身份犯之辨

Analysis of Status Offense

身份犯的身份意味着一定的社会关系,纯正身份犯的身份意味着行为人特定犯罪能力的有无,不纯正身份犯的身份意味着行为人特定犯罪能力的大小。身份犯的本质只能从身份所代表的特定社会关系的角度才能得以阐明,因此最能说明身份犯特殊本质的是“义务违反说”。在身份与共犯问题上,同样要从身份犯的特殊本质上才能找到正确答案,此外,还需对共同犯罪的实质进行正确理解。

The term of status in status offense means certain social relations,namely,the status in offense by standard status refers to whether the offender has certain criminal abilities or not,while that in offense by non-standard status means how great the ability is.The essence of statue offense can only be clarified from the angle of the certain social relations that the status represents,so the most effective way to explain the special essence of status is the theory of ＂violation of duty ＂.When distinguishing status offense from accomplice ,the study of the special essence is also the key.In addition.it＇s also important to properly understand the essence of joint offence.