澳大利亚1967年宪法改革及其对土著问题的影响

1900年7月9日通过的《澳大利亚联邦宪法》把土著排斥在澳大利亚的社会生活之外,成为澳大利亚社会歧视土著的明证,不断遭到批评。二战后,澳大利亚社会中要求修改宪法以给予土著平等权利的呼声越来越高,这迫使澳大利亚政府于1967年举行全民公决,进行宪法改革,修改宪法中的相关条款。1967年宪法改革是澳大利亚白人与土著关系史上的一个标志性事件,对后来澳大利亚政府管理土著事务、改善土著的地位及对澳大利亚的社会进步都有着不可忽视的重大影响。

The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act passed on 9th July 1900 excludes aborigines out of Australian society which has been criticized constantly as the clear proof of discrimination towards aborigines. After WWⅡ, the Australian government held the national referendum and took the constitutional reform by revising the articles concerned under the pressure of the uprising of social voices for aboriginal equality. As a symbolic event in the relation between the Whites and the aborigines in Australia, the constitutional reform in1967 exerts a great impact on the management of aboriginal issues, the improvement of aboriginal status and the social progress in Australia.