“给予”类三价动词构成的句式及其论元缺省的认知解释

Cognitive Explanations of Default Arguments of Sentences with Three-valence-verb Representing by "Jiyu"

本文拟讨论“给予”类三价动词所能适应的句式,对论元缺省规律提出认知上的解释,并由此进一步把“给予”类三价动词分为8个次类。本文认为三价动词句中Np2和Np3的缺省与否,跟动词的常用性(使用频率)、显要性原则、与事优先或受事优先原则、语体色彩、音节等都有一定关系,其中动词对相关语义成分的控制能力以及施事者的预期目标起着决定性的作用。

This article examines the sentences in which the three-valence-verb representing by ＂jiyu＂ can be used, provides cognitive explanations on the regularly default arguments and thus further divides the three-valence-verb representing by ＂jiyu＂ into eight sub-categories. In the sentences with the three-valence-verb, the default Npz and Np3 relates to many features in the sentence, such as the frequency of the usage of the verbs, the principles of dominance, the principles of patient-prominence and dative-prominence, its type of writing and syllables. Two of these features prevail others, that is, the ability of the verbs controlling its relevant semantic components and the expectation of the agent.