辽宁地区居民体重指数、腰围与血压关系的研究

A Study on Relationship among Body Mass Index(BMI),Waist Circumference(WC) and Blood Pressure in Liaoning Province Population

目的探讨辽宁地区居民体重指数、腰围与血压值、高血压患病率的关系。方法按照多阶段整群随机抽样方法,对辽宁地区15岁及以上居民的血压、身高、体重、腰围等指标进行流行病学统计分析。结果体重指数（kg/m^2）〈18.5,18.5-23.9,24-27.9,≥28,血压均值分别为116.4/73.9mmHg、122.0/76.5mmHg、130.5/81.4mmHg、138.4/85.9mmHg,高血压患病率分别为13.6%、20.4%、35.2%和53.9%;腰围从正常到腹部肥胖,血压均值从121.7/76.6mmHg上升到133.6/82.9mmHg,高血压患病率从19.8%上升到42.8%。当体重指数≥24（kg/m^2）或腰围进入腹部肥胖时,血压值、高血压患病率明显增加。经多元线性回归分析,血压值与体重指数和腰围呈正相关,而且腰围对血压均值的影响大于体重指数对血压的影响;Logistic回归分析显示,超重、肥胖和腹部肥胖与正常组相比发生高血压的相对危险性增加1.5、2.6和2.0倍。结论超重和肥胖是高血压的两个危险因素,保持理想的体重和腰围对控制高血压的发生起着决定性作用。

Objective To explore the relationship among body mass index （BMI）, waist circumference （WC）, blood pressure and the prevalence rate of hypertension in Liaoning province population. Method Samples were selected according to the multistage clustering sampling. Bloed pressure, height, weight and waist circumference of 15 and 15 - year old residents in Liaoning area were measured, and descriptive statistical analysis were used. Results As the BMI increased from 〈 18.5, 18.5 - 23.9, 24 - 27.9 to 28 - , the average blood pressure were 116.4/73.9 mmHg, 122.0/76.5 mmHg, 130.5/81.4 mmHg and 138.4/85.9 mmHg respectively, and the prevalence rates of hypertension were 13.6%, 20.4%, 35.2% and 53.9% respectively.When waist circumference varied from normal level to abdominal obesity, the average blood pressure increased from 121.7/76.6 mmHg to 133.6/82.9 nunHg, and the prevalence rate of hypertension varied from 19.8% to 42.8% .As BMI≥24 or WC≥the abdominal obesity cut - off point, blood pressure and the prevalence rate of hypertension increased significantly. Muhifactor linear regression analysis indicated blood pressure was significandy positive correlated with BMI and WC. The effect of WC on blood pressure was mere than that of BMI on blood pressure. Logistic regression analysis indicated that odds ratios of hypertension in overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity groups were respectively 1.5, 2.6 and 2.0 times than that of normal weight group. Conclusion Overweight and obesity were important independent risk factors of hypertension. It played an decision role in control of the prevalence rate of hypertension to keep ideal weight and waist circumference.