黄土高原子午岭群落演替特性研究

Study on the Succession Characteristic of Ziwuling Community of Loess Plateau

分析子午岭北部黄土丘陵沟壑区山杨林、白桦林、油松林和辽东栎林的生境和植被群落特征,研究演替过程中不同群落土壤水分、容重和生物量的变化。结果表明:在缓慢的演替过程中,土壤含水量和林分的正向演替呈现负相关,即:山杨>白桦>油松>辽东栎;演替导致群落的生境发生改变和剧烈的种间竞争,物种丰富度明显减少,各林分物种数和个体数目的大小关系为:山杨>白桦>油松>辽东栎;土体构型逐步得到改善;立地条件和扰动致使各林分地上生物量存在显著差异,在林龄差距不大的条件下各林分平均单株生物量的大小关系为:辽东栎>白桦>山杨>油松。该研究揭示了森林群落自然演替的规律,对森林群落的经营管理和在黄土高原丘陵沟壑区进行林草植被建设和生态环境重建具有特殊意义。

By analysis of Populus davMiana , Betulaplatyp hylla , Pinus tabulaeformis and Quercus liaotungensis community characteristics, the water content,soil density and biomass in hilly-gully region in north of Ziwuling in the Loess Plateau were researched,and the result showed that in the progress of succession, the soil moisture and the number of species was negitive relation and the species individuals＇ order from large to small was Populus davidiana 〉 Betulaplatyp hflla 〉 Pious tabulaeformis 〉 Quercus liaotungensis .Because of the succession and terra condition and distrlbutlon,the soil construction were improved and the diversity of forest community ground biomass was changed prominently. With the four forest community＇s age nearly the same,the order of different forest ground biomass of single tree was Quercus liaotungensis 〉 Betulaplatyp hylla 〉 Populus davidiana 〉 Pinus tabulaefonnis,