教育扩展中大学生就业行业的变化

Analysis on the Graduates'Employment Industry in Higher Education Expansion

典型凋查表明,在教育扩展的过程中,本科生就业行业较为分散,专科生和研究生较为集中;学历越高,就业行业越稳定,高工资行业的比例越高;各学科专业毕业生的就业行业呈现不同的特点。这是人力资本投资收益降低、风险增大和专有人力资本功能减弱的表现。要调整高等教育的招生规模、层次结构、专业结均和培养模式,以更好发挥人力资本投资的作用。

The analysis based on the typical survey shows that with the higher education expansion, the employment industry of graduates from universities being in the state of relative dispersiveness, and that of postgraduates and graduates from junior college being in the state of comparative concentricity ; higher is degree, the employment industry is steadier and the proportion of fat salary industry is bigger; thoses of different specialities＇ graduates have different characteristics. It denotes the decreasing income and the increasing risk of human capital investment, and the subdued function of special human capital. To promote the effect of human capital investment, we should regulate the expansion speed, the structure of the type and the specialty, the training mode of higher education.